The information-processing theory likens many aspects of human thinking to the functioning of
animals.
high-level business companies.
computers.
athletic teams.
Question 2When Brazilian peddlers in middle childhood were tested on mathematical ability
their skills were far superior to those of North American schoolchildren.
their skills were far inferior to those of North American schoolchildren.
they did poorly when given a pencil-and-paper test, but did well orally.
they did well when given a pencil-and-paper test, but were shy about
answering spoken questions.
Question 3Piaget has provided us with the ______ context of children's concepts, whereas Vygotsky has provided us with the ______ context.
cognitive; behaviorist
empirical; experimental
individual; social
social; individual
Question 4Which of the following is a crucial difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of learning?
Piaget emphasized the child's own discovery processes, while Vygotsky
stressed the importance of instruction.
Vygotsky emphasized the child's own discovery processes, while Piaget
stressed the importance of instruction.
Piaget believed that school-age children were capable of rote memorization,
and Vygotsky believed that they were not.
Vygotsky believed that school-age children were capable of rote memorization,
and Piaget believed that they were not.
Question 5Which of the following accurately reflects Vygotsky's view of the education system of his day?
He felt that children were incapable of memorizing facts at such a young age.
He felt that the rote memorization of facts impeded children's ability to apply
their acquired knowledge.
He felt that the teachers of the time were inadequately educated.
He felt that too much was required of school-age children and that this led to a
sense of shame and guilt.
Question 6Even though research has shown that young children can understand many of Piaget's concrete operations, which of the following is a correct statement regarding the differences in thinking between a 4-year-old and a 9-year-old?
The 4-year-old has the ability to separate the relevant from the irrelevant.
The 9-year-old has the ability to apply abstract thought to the classification
process.
The 4-year-old will be able to distinguish between relevance and flexibility.
The 9-year-old has the ability to be both precise and flexible in
classification.