According to Dodge's social information-processing model, the main thing wrong with teenagers who commit violent, antisocial acts is
a. their genetic makeup.
b. the coercive family environments in which they were raised.
c. the way they interpret and process social cues.
d. the culture in which they live.
Question 2Which of the following is an example of Vygotsky's zone of proximal development?
a. Figuring out the answer to your math homework after your sister gives you a hint
b. Getting a better grade on the math test than you usually get
c. Using trial and error to eliminate incorrect answers to a problem
d. Thinking about a purely abstract problem like how many digits there are in infinity
Question 3Research on antisocial behavior has shown that
a. most antisocial teens grow up to be antisocial adults.
b. juvenile delinquents are more likely than other peers to be conventional thinkers.
c. early-onset aggressive children tend to not display significant antisocial behavior until early adulthood.
d. aggressive youth tend to show less empathy.
Question 4Vygotsky referred to the gap between what a learner can accomplish independently and what he can do with guidance and assistance as the
a. imaginary audience.
b. personal fable.
c. guided participation.
d. zone of proximal development.
Question 5Persistently violating the rights of peers through fighting or bullying would most accurately lead to a diagnosis of _____ in a teenager.
a. conduct disorder
b. schizophrenia
c. aphasia
d. dysphoria
Question 6Gustav was born and raised in a small fishing village in Sweden. Vygotsky would argue that this experience will
a. impact both how he thinks and what he thinks about.
b. impact how he thinks but not what he thinks about.
c. impact what he thinks about but not how he thinks.
d. have no impact on this cognitive development.
Question 7Which individual is engaged in an act of juvenile delinquency?
a. A 25-year-old speeding in a car
b. A 15-year-old in a drive-by shooting
c. A 10-year-old failing a math test
d. A 5-year-old not being put into kindergarten
Question 8The main theme of Vygotsky's theory is that cognitive growth is
a. a product of the child's social interactions within a cultural and historical context.
b. uninfluenced by language acquisition.
c. universal, with all children developing at the same rate and in the same sequence.
d. exclusively shaped by genetic factors.
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