In Simons and Chabris's change blindness experiment, participants watch a film of people playing basketball. Many participants failed to report that a woman carrying an umbrella walked through because the
a. woman with the umbrella was in motion, just like the players.
b. the umbrella was the same color as the floor.
c. participants were counting the number of ball passes.
d. participants were not asked if they saw anything unusual.
Question 2Strayer and Johnston's (2001) experiment involving simulated driving and the use of hands-free vs. handheld cell phones found that
a. talking on either kind of phone impairs driving performance significantly and to the same extent.
b. driving performance was impaired only with the handheld cell phones.
c. driving performance was impaired less with the hands-free phones than with the handheld phones.
d. divided attention (driving and talking on the phone) did not affect performance.
Question 3Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that
a. the negative effect can be decreased by using hands-free units.
b. the problem with cell phones is that attention is distracted from the task of driving by the need to hold the phone and drive with one hand.
c. the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone.
d. the public perception that using a cell phone while driving poses a significant risk to drivers' safety is, in fact, incorrect.
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