The primary reason for the dramatic decreases in U.S. mortality rates during the twentieth century ...

The primary reason for the dramatic decreases in U.S. mortality rates during the twentieth century is:
 
  a. the sharp decline in fertility.
  b. improvements in standard of living and nutrition.
  c. improvements in medical science.
  d. the more equitable distribution of goods and services.

Question 2

The first major cause of declining mortality in the West was:
 
  a. modern medicine.
  b. improvements in hygiene.
  c. vaccinations.
  d. improvements in nutrition.

Question 3

The demographic transition:
 
  a. is the process of moving from the traditional balance of high birth and death rates to a new balance of low birth and death rates.
  b. is the process of migrating to a society with higher mortality and fertility from a society with lower mortality and fertility.
  c. refers to the situation of a consistently high fertility rate.
  d. refers to a population experiencing negative population growth.

Question 4

The change from a population characterized by high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates is called:
 
  a. population projection.
  b. the demographic transition.
  c. the fertility-mortality shift.
  d. the population revolution.

Question 5

If a country has a low life expectancy (say, 30 or 35), this is attributable to the fact that:
 
  a. nobody lives to old age in the country.
  b. there is a high fertility rate in that country.
  c. there is a high rate of infant mortality in that country.
  d. there is a high suicide rate in that country.

Question 6

If the birth rate of the world were 30 births per 1,000 population and the death rate were 10 deaths per 1,000 population, the rate of natural increase would be:
 
  a. 1.0.
  b. 1.6.
  c. 2.0.
  d. 2.4.

Question 7

Immigration has implications for all of the following EXCEPT:
 
  a. population growth.
  b. issues of citizenship.
  c. definitions of nationality.
  d. total world population.