______ believed that by conducting an analysis of day-to-day life, customs, and lifestyles, we can propose ways to reform and improve society, especially the opportunities of women.
a. Harriet Martineau
b. Auguste Comte
c. Herbert Spencer
d. W. E. B. DuBois
e. Robert Merton
Question 2Relative to an open market setting (such as farmer's market), the division of labor that underpins the supermarket cultivates ties with those who produce the food we buy.
a. direct ties
b. personal
c. impersonal
d. visible ties
Question 3Comte, Spencer, Durkheim, Weber, and Marx all witnessed what major societal change?
a. Values related to marriage were under attack as society grew rapidly.
b. Growth in factory production made labor more democratic.
c. Better printing and communications led to the rapid spread of new ideas.
d. European royalty partnered with elected parliaments, causing more social tension.
e. Tradition was undermined by the industrial revolution, political conflict, and growth in urban society.
Question 4Emile Durkheim focused on the question of how industrialization affected solidarity or
a. the means of production.
b. motivations that help shape behavior.
c. the system of social ties that connect people to one another and the larger society.
d. sympathetic understanding.
Question 5You want to study how people in different religions interpret public funding for birth control, and compare how each group tends to support or oppose it. Which sociologist's theory would you select to help with your study?
a. Weber's theory of the relationship between beliefs and social action
b. Marx's theory of the material causes of social class
c. Addams' idea of a perfect society
d. DuBois' objections to racist imperialism over nonwhites
e. Merton's distinction between manifest and latent functions
Question 6is the theorist most likely to draw attention to unconditional basic income as a response to widespread unemployment.
a. Emile Durkheim
b. Max Weber
c. Karl Marx
d. Auguste Comte
Question 7Comte was inspired by which of the following?
a. discoveries in the natural sciences
b. encounters with different races during the colonial era
c. the problems of governing global urban societies
d. imbalances in health and well-being among city dwellers
e. how societies pass through stages of development over time
Question 8Which one of the following theorists would be most concerned with the rise of smart machines capable of working 24/7 and replacing human labor?
a. Jane Addams
b. Max Weber
c. Karl Marx
d. Emile Durkheim
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