Which theory of emotion states that your body reacts before you experience an emotion?

Answer to q. 1

ANS: a

Answer to q. 2

The three most widely used drugs by high school seniors are alcohol, nicotine (cigarettes), and marijuana. Alcohol is the standard recreational drug of all Americans. The average American consumes 25 gallons of alcoholic beverages a year. Considering this is the average, it factors the non-drinkers with the drinkers, meaning many drinkers consume considerably more than this amount. Alcohol-related accidents are common. Practically everyone has a friend or family member who has been involved in, or a victim of, a DUI incident. Alcohol is also a factor in thousands of household accidents, crimes, and other adverse events. Although excessive drinking causes additional health concerns, drinking in moderation (one or two drinks a day) may actually reduce the rate of heart attack and stoke. Alcohol may be the recreational drug of choice but nicotine is the most lethal of all recreational drugs causing cancer of the lungs, kidneys, larynx, and other body parts. Other health problems are also increased including heart attack, stroke, cataracts, and pneumonia. Alcohol and nicotine are the most popular drugs because they are legal and highly advertized. There are cultural implications as well, including drinking being an expected behavior of college students and smoking being a sign of being grown up.

Answer to q. 3

a

Answer to q. 4

FALSE

Answer to q. 5

The early theorists argued that individuals were transformed by crowds. Charles Mackay felt that ordinary people developed a herd mentality, and did wild things when they were in a crowd. Gustave LeBon built on this idea. He suggested that crowds make people feel anonymous and not responsible for what they do. They even develop feelings of invincibility and think they can do almost anything. A collective mind develops and people are vulnerable to any suggestions. Robert Park proposed that social unrest is communicated back-and- forth between members of a crowd. He termed this communication circular reaction. This circular reaction leads to collective impulses, a slightly different term for LeBon's collective mind.

Answer to q. 6

Proposed solutions include establish higher standards for both teachers and students; establish a secure learning environment that makes students feel safe; offer competitive salaries to attract brighter, more energetic graduates; develop a mandatory, straightforward, measurement of high school graduation for all states.

Answer to q. 7

The AIDS virus was identified in 1981. Since then 600,000 Americans have died from the disease. Worldwide, the death toll due to AIDS is about 40 million. In the U.S., the disease is monitored and treated, reducing the number of deaths each year to about 14,000. About 500,000 Americans who have the disease receive treatment; however, the treatment is expensive and thousands go without any type of treatment. Globally, 2.7 million new HIV infections are reported annually, while 40 million have died from AIDS. Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 10 percent of the world's population, accounts for 67 percent of all people living with HIV and 72 percent of the world's deaths from AIDS. In nations that cannot afford treatment, the disease takes a heavy toll on the quality of life and life expectancy. Regardless of an antiretroviral therapy, there remains no cure.

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