Compare short term memory vs. long term memory with regard to specific changes that are thought to o

Short term memory is the temporary ability to recall a few pieces of information for seconds to minutes.  Brain areas involved are the hippocampus, the mammillary bodies  and two nuclei of the thalamus.  Information in short term memory may later be transformed into a more permanent type of memory called, long term memory which lasts from days to years.  The reinforcement that results from the frequent retrieval of a piece of information is called memory consolidation.  Memories for motor skills, such as how to serve a tennis ball are stored in the basal nuclei and cerebellum as well as in the cerebral cortex.

Short term memory may depend on forming new synapses and reverberating circuits. Long term memory is thought to involve high frequency stimulation within the hippocampus at glutamate synapses. Nitric oxide and other neurotransmitters may be involved. Neurons develop new presynaptic terminals, larger synaptic end bulbs, and more dendritic branches. Enhanced facilitation occurs.

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