Assume you are a biologist that is studying the effect of a new food additive on

appendages (hindlegs). The forelimbs have a hand with four digits and a rudimentary and vestigial thumb. The thumbs of male frogs are more muscular than those of females. The hindlegs have a foot with five digits and a rudimentary and vestigial sixth digit. The digits of the hindlegs are webbed for swimming. You might notice the size difference between the forelimb and the hindleg! The forelimb positions the head to prepare for a jump, but the jump is achieved by the powerful muscles and the long bones of the hindlegs. The proportions of the proximal and distal parts of each limb are very similar to their counterparts in humans. You should be able to locate the wr ist, for ear m, elbow, shoulder and note that the range of motion and direction of folding matches your own. Internally the bone structure is virtually the same. The musculature is also very similar. The hind limb is also similar in composition. The thigh is attached at the hip, there is a knee folding just like yours, then a shin ending at the heel of the foot. The adult frog lacks the post-anal tail and so is called an anuran; the body ends in the cloacal opening.


Good luck