To help identify species of exotic plants that have the potential to become inva

To help identify species of exotic plants that have the potential to become invasive if they were to be introduced into North America, conservation biologists make use of a “decision tree.” Which of the following plant characteristics might cause biologists to deny approval for a proposed introduction of an exotic plant species?
a. Seeds of the plant do not require pretreatment for germination.
b. The plant spreads quickly by vegetative propagation.
c. The plant is invasive outside of North America.
d. The juvenile period of the plant is less than five years.
e. All of the above