How do non-vascular plants excrete waste?

Non-vascular and vascular plants get rid of excess gases produced by photosynthesis and cellular respiration by diffusion. Vascular plants, however, have special microscopic openings on the surface of the leaves through which the diffusion takes place. These openings are called stomata and are formed by two adjacent guard cells.

Plants can also store waste in the vacuole or in organs which are destined to fall off or die (ex. leaves in the autumn). Some plants excrete waste products into the soil, occasionally using the wastes as chemical weapons against other competing plants.

Excretion is the process by which waste products of metabolism and other non-useful materials are eliminated from an organism. Plants mainly excrete through photosynthesis where oxygen is given of as a waste product; and transpiration where excess water is gotten rid off. Waste products may also be stored in leaves that fall off.