...the categories of mutations and the relative...
...Describe how certain mutations can result in...
...Life 81 6.10 Mutations can have a...
...• CORE IDEA: Mutations, changes to the...
...by mutagens. Point mutations occur at a...
...mRNA codons. A. Mutations 1. A mutation...
...DNA. 2. Occasionally, mutations lead to improvements...
...3. More often, mutations are harmful and...
...organism. 4. Some mutations involve a single...
...Mutagens 1. Some mutations are spontaneous. a....
...replication 2. Other mutations are caused by...
...a daily diet. Mutations Point mutations Frameshift...
...diet. Mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutations Silent...
...Point mutations Frameshift mutations Silent Missense Nonsense...
...Deletions C. Point mutations 1. A point...
...defective. D. Frameshift mutations 1. After a...
...nucleotides. 2. Insertion mutations add nucleotides. 3....
...nucleotides. 3. Deletion mutations delete nucleotides. 4....
...a series of mutations. a. Proto-oncogenes mutate...
...prevention 1. Some mutations that lead to...
...prevented. 2. Some mutations that lead to...
...transduction pathway 6.10 Mutations can have a...
...the nucleus). 6.10 Mutations can have a...
...of effects. ? Mutations can be good...
...up for minor mutations that do not...
...hemoglobin. ? Frameshift mutations can be illustrated...
...during menstruation. 6.10 Mutations can have a...

...not measure silent mutations that do not...
...do detect silent mutations. Nucleotide variability measures...
...organism’s DNA. Only mutations in cell lines...
...In animals, most mutations occur in somatic...
...a gene. Point mutations can have a...
...disease. Most point mutations are harmless. Much...
...redundant, some point mutations in genes that...
...is changing. Some mutations alter the gene...
...or sequence. Chromosomal mutations that delete or...
...smells. Because of mutations, 60% of these...
...organism. Rates of mutations that affect phenotype...
...average about 10-5 mutations per gene per...
...range from 10-11 mutations per base pair...
...unlikely that multiple mutations will confer resistance...
...originated from past mutations. However, sexual reproduction...
...Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: No mutations. Alteration of alleles...
...population. Although new mutations can modify allele...
...is small because mutations are rare. Mutation...

...loss of function mutations in two different...
...using other loss-of-function mutations in ras pathway...
...Because all the mutations that cause Vul...

...to obtain ced-9(lf) mutations. The gf phenotype...
...resulting from ced-9(lf) mutations Ectopic cell death...
...ced-4(lf), or ced-9(gf) mutations, no worms are...
...the ceds egl-1 mutations cause HSNs in...
...or ced-4 lf mutations suppress the ced-9(lf)...