Chapter 23 - Ecosystems and Populations.pptx

A(n) _____ consists of a group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same geographic area and interact with each other. ecosystem population community biosphere A(n) _____ consists of a group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same geographic area and interact with each other. population A population is made up of the individuals of the same species in a specific area. © 2017 Education, Inc. Biotic potential is a function of _____. the mean number of offspring per person the number of males the available food supply waste in the environment © 2017 Education, Inc. Biotic potential is a function of _____. the mean number of offspring per person This is the number of offspring produced by each reproducing member (female, if reproduction is sexual). © 2017 Education, Inc. Consider a population growing at 2% per year. How long will it take for this population to double? 10 years 24 years 36 years 50 years © 2017 Education, Inc. Consider a population growing at 2% per year. How long will it take for this population to double? 36 years This can be calculated by applying the Rule of 72. Divide 72 by the percent change per year (2%). 72/2 = 36. This population, growing consistently at 2%/year will double in 36 years. © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Zero population growth means each couple has two children in order to replace themselves. True False © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Zero population growth means each couple has two children in order to replace themselves. False Long-term zero population growth is called the replacement fertility rate, which is actually the birth of 2.1 children to each woman during her lifetime. A rate of 2.0 would not replace both parents, as some children do not live to reproduce. © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Less industrialized countries tend to have a younger population than more industrialized ones. True False © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Less industrialized countries tend to have a younger population than more industrialized ones. True People in less industrialized societies tend to have poorer living conditions and a higher death rate than those in more industrialized ones. They also tend to have larger families, moving the population distribution to a younger mean and median. © 2017 Education, Inc. The climax community of the Midwest United States is _____. deciduous trees prairie semi-arid desert evergreen forest © 2017 Education, Inc. The climax community of the Midwest United States is _____. prairie Grasses rather than trees are the final stage of succession in the Midwest. © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? The oxygen supply on Earth will decrease without an adequate number of plants. True False © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? The oxygen supply on Earth will decrease without an adequate number of plants. True The by-products of plant metabolism (photosynthesis) are oxygen and water. Plants replenish the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere. © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Plants use nitrogen in the air to make nucleic acids and amino acids for proteins. True False © 2017 Education, Inc. True or False? Plants use nitrogen in the air to make nucleic acids and amino acids for proteins. False The nitrogen must first be “fixed” in the soil by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and then absorbed by plants. Plants cannot extract nitrogen as a gas from the atmosphere. © 2017 Education, Inc.