Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning, 2nd Edition

- 3 - 3 Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Click to edit Master title style Copyright 2015, 2011 by Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Volume One, Second Edition Copyright 2015, 2011 by Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning VOLUME ONE SECOND EDITION Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Volume One, Second Edition Copyright 2015, 2011 by Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Volume One, Second Edition Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Click to edit Master title style Copyright 2015, 2011 by Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Volume One, Second Edition Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Click to edit Master title style Copyright 2015, 2011 by Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning Volume One, Second Edition Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Health, Wellness, and Illness Nursing A Concept-Based Approach to Learning MODULE VOLUME ONE SECOND EDITION The Concept of Health, Wellness, and Illness Concept Learning Outcomes Concept Learning Outcomes, continued Health Health, continued Professional definitions of health Dynamic state of being in which the developmental and behavioral potential of an individual is realized to the fullest extent possible (ANA) Health, continued Personal definitions of health Highly individualized Free from symptoms, pain Being able to be active, in good spirits Developing personal definition of health Individual s previous experiences Expectations of self Age Sociocultural influences Wellness and Well-Being State of well-being Self-responsibility Ultimate goal Dynamic, growing process Daily decision making Whole being of individual Wellness and Well-Being, continued Components of wellness Environmental Occupational Intellectual Spiritual Physical Emotional Social Well-being is a component of health Health and illness/disease can be seen as opposite ends of a health continuum Individuals move back and forth day by day No distinct boundary Perceptions of self, others perceptions affect placement on continuum Illness and Disease Illness Highly personal state Diminished physical, emotional, intellectual, social developmental or spiritual functioning May or may not be related to disease Disease Alteration in body functions Reduction of capacities Shortening of normal life span Illness and Disease, continued Acute illness Severe symptoms of relatively short duration Symptoms appear abruptly, subside quickly May or may not require intervention Illness and Disease, continued Illness Behaviors Coping mechanisms Involves ways individuals Describe, monitor, interpret symptoms Take remedial action Use healthcare system Highly individualized Effects of Illness on the Client and Family Brings changes Behavioral and emotional Self-concept and body image Lifestyle Loss of autonomy Often means change in lifestyle Effects of Illness on the Client and Family, continued Health Promotion Health Promotion, continued Healthy People 2020 Improving the Health of Americans Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages Health Promotion, continued Health Promotion, Health Protection, and Disease Prevention Health Promotion, Health Protection, and Disease Prevention, continued Health promotion Motivated by desire to increase well-being Can be offered to all clients, regardless of health or illness status, age Health protection Motivated by desire to actively avoid illness Nurse s Role in Health Promotion Nurse s Role in Health Promotion, continued B Nurse s Role in Health Promotion, continued Nurse s Role in Health Promotion, continued Environmental control Toxic and nuclear wastes Nuclear power plants Air, water pollution Herbicide, pesticide use Nurse s Role in Health Promotion, continued Health promotion activities Collaborative relationships Work with, not for, people Nursing process basic tool Teach self-care responsibility Emphasize illness prevention, health promotion Nurse s Role in Health Promotion, continued Health promotion activities Assessing, planning care enhanced by understanding of individuality, holism, homeostasis, human needs Community health affects individual health and vice versa Variables Influencing Health External variables Lifestyle choices Healthy or unhealthy activities Variables Influencing Health, continued Internal variables Biological Genetic factors Psychological Presence of mental illness Cognitive Disorders of cognition such as autism spectrum disorder Biological Dimension Genetic makeup Gender Age Developmental level Infants Toddlers Adolescents Older adults Psychological Dimension Psychological Dimension, continued Relaxation, medication, biofeedback Emotional reactions occur in response to body conditions Self-concept, self-perceptions Self-concept affects how we handle situations Cognitive Dimension Intellectual factors influencing health Lifestyle choices Living conditions Patterns of behavior Risk factors Health beliefs Internal vs. external locus of control Spiritual and religious beliefs Basic health promotion Focus on greater autonomy in client care Assessment Health history and physical examination Existing problems Age Safety assessment Nutritional assessment Physical fitness assessment Muscle endurance Flexibility, body composition Cardiorespiratory endurance Assessment, continued Lifestyle assessment Personal lifestyle, habits of client Physical activity Nutritional practices Smoking, alcohol and drug consumption Lifestyle assessment tools Assessment, continued Spiritual health assessment Ability to develop inner being to fullest Beliefs can affect individual s interpretation of life events Assessment, continued Social support systems review Social context in which person lives Creates environment for healthy behavior Life stress review Stress affects mental, physical well-being Assessment, continued Validating assessment data Client and nurse together review, validate, summarize information Existing health problems Perceived degree of control over health status Key health beliefs Level of physical fitness, nutritional status Assessment, continued Validating assessment data Client and nurse together review, validate, summarize information Current positive health practices Spirituality Sources of life stress, ability to handle Social support systems Information to enhance healthcare practices Diagnosis Domain 1 Health Promotion Readiness for Enhanced Immunization Status Readiness for Enhanced Self-Health Management Domain 2 Nutrition Readiness for Enhanced Nutrition Readiness for Enhanced Fluid Balance (NANDA-I 2012) Diagnosis, continued Domain 3 Elimination and Exchange Readiness for Enhanced Urinary Elimination Domain 4 Activity/Rest Readiness for Enhanced Sleep (NANDA-I 2012) Diagnosis, continued Domain 5 Perception/Cognition Readiness for Enhanced Knowledge Readiness for Enhanced Decision Making Readiness for Enhanced Communication Domain 6 Self-Perception Readiness for Enhanced Self-Concept (NANDA-I 2012) Diagnosis, continued Diagnosis, continued Diagnosis, continued Planning Planning, continued Steps in planning Develop a behavior change plan Reiterate benefits of change Address facilitators and barriers to change Determine time frame for implementation Formalize commitment to behavior change plan Planning, continued Explore available resources Community resources Educational programs Client self-responsibility Ongoing support by nurse Focuses on desired behavior change Provide individual counseling sessions Provide telephone, Internet counseling Offer group support Implementation, continued Facilitate social support Assist client to assess, modify, and develop social support Provide health education Enhance behavior change Strategies at each stage of change Advance client to next stage of changing Implementation, continued Provide modeling Client, nurse together select models Nurse can serve as model Evaluation Ongoing Monitoring short-term, long-term goals Target date determined for attaining goals written during planning Client may continue plan, reorder priorities, change strategies, or revise plan Collaborative effort between nurse and client