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Neural Circuitry in the Retina

Description
Light striking a photoreceptor produces a hyperpolarization, so the photoreceptor releases less neurotransmitter. Because the neurotransmitter normally hyperpolarizes the membrane of the bipolar cell, the reduction causes a depolarization. This depolarization causes the bipolar cell to release more neurotransmitter, which excites the ganglion cell. (Adapted from Dowling, J. E., in The Neurosciences: Fourth Study Program, edited by F. O. Schmitt and F. G. Worden. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1979.)
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