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Nervous System Regulation of the Heart

Description
Cardiac Output (CO)

CO is the volume of blood ejected from the left or right ventricle into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute
Stroke volume (SV) is the amount of blood pumped out of the ventricle in one beat
CO (mL/min) = SV (mL/beat) x HR (beats/min)

Regulation of Stroke Volume
3 factors regulate stroke volume:
Preload
Contractility
Afterload

Regulation of Heart Rate
Several factors regulate heart rate:
Autonomic nervous system
Hormones
Ions
Age
Gender
Physical fitness
Temperature
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