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Horns and antlers in mammals

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Mammals have a variety of outgrowths that are used for defence or by males as weapons in contests to win females. (a) The horns of this male kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) are bony outgrowths of the skull covered in a keratin sheath. (b) The horns of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) are outgrowths of the epidermis made of tightly matted hair. (c) The antlers of the caribou (Rangifer tarandus), also known as reindeer, are made entirely of bone and are grown and shed each year.
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