Ocean water evolved ____.
 A)from condensation of water vapor in a hydrogen rich atmosphere
 B)from condensation of water vapor from volcanic eruptions
 C)as Earth warmed
 D)with accumulation of rainfall
 E)as glaciers melted

Question 2

The two most familiar and widely used metamorphic rocks are marble and slate.
  Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Question 3

Dome-headed dinosaurs (pachycephalosaurs) are only known to us from ____ rocks.
 A)early Triassic
 B)early Jurassic
 C)late Jurassic
 D)early Cretaceous
 E)late Cretaceous

Question 4

Which term describes vertical ocean circulation, in which water moves from deep to shallow?
 A)surface currents
 B)deep currents
 C)downwelling
 D)upwelling
 E)gyre transport

Question 5

Migmatites can form in the deeper portions of the crust at convergent plate boundaries.
  Indicate whether the statement is true or false

The purpose of industrial education was to
 
  A. prevent young children from working in the coal mines.
  B. encourage the importance of work in the classroom.
  C. prepare students for entering the work force.
  D. prepare captains of industry for university faculty positions.

Q. 2

The National Defense Education Act was the result of
 
  A. the launching of Sputnik.
  B. Vietnam.
  C. WWI.
  D. Desert Storm.

Q. 3

Parsons founded the Vocational Bureau of Boston and
 
  A. did not receive credit for his accomplishment.
  B. died soon after its opening.
  C. was unable to collect funds to support its upkeep.
  D. none of the above.

Q. 4

The first state to require certification for guidance counselors was
 
  A. New York.
  B. New Jersey.
  C. Maryland.
  D. Pennsylvania.

Q. 5

Guidance as the personalization of education focused on
 
  A. growth of curriculum.
  B. discovery of student talents and motivations.
  C. lack of concern from administration and personnel.
  D. coordination of specialist services.

Q. 6

Issues of vocational guidance in the 20th century were confounded by
 
  A. changing demographics of the workforce.
  B. decreased dropouts.
  C. interests in book education.
  D. interests in cultural sciences.

Q. 7

__________ stated that the four most important conditions affecting counseling were division of labor, growth of technology, extension of vocational education and the spread of democracy.
 
  A. Weaver
  B. Davis
  C. Brewer
  D. Merrill

Q. 8

The Vocational Education Act Amendments of 1968 advocated for
 
  A. career guidance programs.
  B. responses to the disadvantaged and physically handicapped.
  C. expansion of the concept of guidance into elementary schools.
  D. all of the above.

Theoretically, if several individuals who score high on a test have a substantial number of low responses, and individuals who score low on the test have a substantial number of high responses, then the test is likely to have which of the following?
 
  a. High validity
  b. Low validity
  c. High reliability
  d. Low reliability

Q. 2

When one attempts to estimate the reliability of all the possible split half combinations of a test, one is assessing what kind of reliability?
 
  a. Test-retest
  b. Alternate forms
  c. Parallel forms
  d. Coefficient Alpha
  e. None of these

Q. 3

A type of reliability in which half of the test items are correlated with the other half is called:
 
  a. test-retest.
  b. alternate forms.
  c. parallel forms.
  d. odd-even.
  e. none of these.

Q. 4

The Spearman-Brown formula is for which purpose?
 
  a. To make adjustments due to concerns that examinees might look up answers between taking the same test twice
  b. To make adjustments to reliability estimate due to concerns of shortness of the test (limited test items)
  c. To adjust correlations during factor analysis to assure accurate representation of all items
  d. To calculate the coefficient of determination (shared variance) when making adjustments to reliability estimates

Q. 5

A determination is made as to how scores on individual items relate to each other or to the test as a whole. This statement refers to which kind of reliability?
 
  a. Test-retest
  b. Alternate forms
  c. Parallel forms
  d. Internal consistency
  e. None of these

Q. 6

One problem with giving two forms of the same test is that, despite the publisher's attempt to make them similar, there could be major differences. This problem is most closely associated with which type of reliability?
 
  a. Test-retest
  b. Alternate forms
  c. Internal consistency
  d. Odd-even
  e. Kuder-Richardson

Q. 7

In assessing the reliability of a new test, a sample of 1,000 examinees take the test, and one week later are asked to take the same test again. This is an example of which type of reliability?
 
  a. Test-retest
  b. Alternate forms
  c. Internal consistency
  d. Odd-even
  e. None of these

Q. 8

Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?
 
  a. Split-half
  b. Internal consistency
  c. Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha
  d. Kuder-Richardson
  e. All of these are types of reliability.

Q. 9

Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?
 
  a. Test-retest
  b. Alternate forms
  c. Parallel forms
  d. Internal consistency
  e. All of these are types of reliability.

Postpositive knowledge theory is characterized by___________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ __________________________.
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Q. 2

Critical thinking is _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ .
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Q. 3

The dialogic self is _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ __________________
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Q. 4

Multiple identities mean _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ __________________
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Q. 5

Intersectionality is _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ __________________
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Q. 6

Americanization is _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ __________________.
 
  Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Discuss and provide examples of the three means by which a person can become a border dweller.
 
  Answer:

The president's State of the Union address is a good example of which type of delivery?
 
  A) Manuscript
  B) Impromptu
  C) Memorized
  D) Extemporaneous
  E) Entertainment

Who played a crucial role in securing the state of New York in the 1800 election of Thomas Jefferson?
 
  a. Alexander Hamilton
  b. Aaron Burr
  c. John Marshall
  d. James Monroe
  e. James Madison

How did the evolution of the coffee house and the salon advance ideas of the Enlightenment?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

In order to discourage rebellion, the Tokugawa Shogunate required
 
  a. Samurai to relinquish their swords
  b. Daimyo family members to live as hostages in the capital
  c. Everyone to study Buddhism
  d. Illiteracy
  e. All of these choices