A patient diagnosed with B. anthracis is allergic to penicillin. Which antibiotic can be given that will be therapeutically effective?
a. Ampicillin
b. Ciprofloxacin
c. Imipenem
d. Vancomycin
Which of the following types of anthrax occurs after ingesting the spores and affects the abdominal or oropharyngeal area? (Patients usually die from toxemia and overwhelming sepsis.)
a. Cutaneous
b. Inhalation
c. Gastrointestinal
d. Bubonic
A gram-positive Bacillus, which is c-hemolytic on 5 sheep blood agar, produces a wide zone of lecithinase on egg yolk agar, is nonmotile, and was isolated from the stool of a patient with abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Because of the patient's existing immunocompromised state, the physician administered penicillin as the antibiotic therapy. The patient's condition did not improve after 7 days of treatment. Which one of the following statements explains the reason for the antibiotic failure?
a. The course was too abbreviated and should be given for 14 days.
b. The patient may be allergic to penicillin and its therapeutic effects.
c. Penicillin is ineffective against gram-positive organisms.
d. The organism produces c-lactamase, which renders the drug inactive.
A U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)cleared immunochromatographic test produces a red line on the cassette and can presumptively identify which gram-positive Bacillus that is c-hemolytic and morphologically has a Medusa head appearance when grown on 5 sheep blood agar?
a. Bacillus subtilis
b. B. cereus
c. B. mycoides
d. B. anthracis
Media function testing should be performed on commercially prepared media when:
a. organisms expected to grow on the media demonstrate growth.
b. daily as required.
c. on all new lots of media.
d. only when the identity and growth cha-racteristics appear abnormal.
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