Research has found that attending a desegregated school

Research has found that attending a desegregated school
 
  a. has positive effects on black and Hispanic achievement and negative effects on white achievement.
 b. has negative effects on black and Hispanic achievement and positive effects on white achievement.
 c. has positive effects on black and Hispanic achievement and no effect on white achievement.
 d. has positive effects on white achievement and no effect on black and Hispanic achievement

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The integration hypothesis advocated which of the following?
 
  a. Desegregation of schools through busing
 b. Increasing neighborhood diversity
 c. Putting affirmative action into place
 d. Eliminating private schools