The sensitive dependence upon initial conditions of the evolution of some physical systems is a feature of
a. gravitation
b. fractals
c. air resistance
d. dynamical chaos
e. quantum mechanics
[Ques. 2] Which step in the development of the atomic bomb was made by Enrico Fermi and his team in 1942?
a. The first observation of splitting of the nucleus.
b. The first calculation of the energy released when a nucleus was split.
c. The discovery that E = mc2 applies to the processes that occur when neutrons are captured by uranium nuclei.
d. The first artificial sustained chain reaction.
e. The first successful atomic bomb test.
[Ques. 3] Tides are influenced by
a. the moon
b. the sun
c. the uneven surface of the earth
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
[Ques. 4] Where does the energy come from when nuclear fission takes place?
a. From the chemical energy released by changing one element into another.
b. From the kinetic energy introduced into the nucleus by the bombarding neutron.
c. From the larger binding energies of the fission products of the original nucleus.
d. From the mass of the neutron absorbed, which is lost as energy.
e. From the electrical energy introduced into the nucleus by the bombarding neutron.
[Ques. 5] During the period of one day, the number of high tides at a given point is about
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. none of the above
[Ques. 6] How can a neutron probe split a nucleus?
a. By striking it at just the right point so it breaks in half.
b. By disturbing the strong force so that nucleons escape.
c. By being strongly electrically repelled by the protons.
d. By being captured and thus changing a stable isotope into an unstable one.
e. By changing the charge on the nucleus and thus causing beta decay.
[Ques. 7] If a body were in orbit very near the surface of the earth, its centripetal acceleration would be
a. equal to g
b. smaller than g
c. larger than g
d. dependent on its mass
e. none of the above
[Ques. 8] Why do neutrons make better nuclear probes than alpha particles?
a. Neutrons are more massive than alpha particles.
b. A neutron has less mass than an alpha particle.
c. Neutrons are not subject to the strong force.
d. Neutrons have about the same mass as a proton.
e. Neutrons have no electrical charge.
[Ques. 9] How was the value of G first determined?
a. by Cavendish, using a torsion balance
b. by Etvs, using a torsion balance
c. via a gedanken experiment
d. by Newton, watching an apple fall
e. none of the above
[Ques. 10] If heavier elements are more stable when they have more neutrons, what happens to the heaviest elements?
a. They have very large nuclei to sustain the number of neutrons needed for stability.
b. Above a certain atomic mass, there are no stable elements.
c. For high enough atomic mass, there is no longer a rule to determine which nuclei are stable.
d. The curve reverses and the nuclei of the heaviest elements are more even matches of protons and neutrons.
e. The curve reverses completely and the nuclei of the heaviest elements are stable with many more protons than neutrons.
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