In the general theory of relativity, a gravitational field:
a. does NOT have any effect on how time passes.
b. does NOT have any effect on space.
c. makes clocks run faster.
d. can be replaced by warped spacetime.
e. is locally equivalent to being at rest in an inertial reference system.
[Ques. 2] What is the equivalence principle of the general theory of relativity?
a. E0 = mc2.
b. Constant velocity is equivalent to a uniform gravitational field.
c. Gravitational potential energy is equivalent to mass.
d. Constant acceleration is equivalent to a uniform gravitational field.
e. Any acceleration is completely equivalent to a uniform gravitational field.
[Ques. 3] The general theory of relativity depends on the fact that:
a. the mass m in Newton's law of gravitation always has the same value as the mass m in Newton's second law.
b. inertial mass is measured by how objects respond to forces.
c. gravitational mass is measured by comparing weights.
d. gravitational mass is always greater than inertial mass.
e. gravitational mass is always less than inertial mass.
[Ques. 4] In this figure, light travels across a spaceship as the spaceship accelerates upward. As the light travels, its speed:
a. increases.
b. remains constant.
c. decreases.
d. first increases and then decreases.
e. first decreases and then increases.
[Ques. 5] What does E0 = mc 2 describe?
a. The kinetic energy of an object of mass m moving at speed v.
b. The kinetic energy of an object of mass m moving at speed c.
c. The equivalence of mass and energy.
d. The form taken by Newton's second law at relativistic speeds.
e. The relativistic mass.
[Ques. 6] The law of conservation of energy:
a. fails because energy increases too fast as the speed gets closer to c.
b. does not apply to the theory of special relativity.
c. applies to the theory of special relativity as long as the relativistic adjustment factor is correctly included.
d. applies to any given inertial system but not to others.
e. applies to the theory of special relativity in exactly the same form as it applies for small velocities.
[Ques. 7] What has to change in the expression F = p / t (which for p = mv is equivalent to Newton's second law) to fit the theory of special relativity?
a. The momentum p has to equal mv, instead of just mv, where is the relativistic adjustment factor.
b. The force F has to equal t/p, instead of p/t.
c. We have to measure t instead of t.
d. The speed v is replaced by c, the speed of light.
e. There is no way to reconcile Newton's second law with the theory of special relativity.
[Ques. 8] Suppose the barn shown here is 10 meters long and the pole is 11.5 meters long. What is the minimum velocity that the pole has to travel relative to the barn for someone standing in the barn to measure the pole's length to be 10 meters or less?
a. 1/4 of the speed of light.
b. 1/2 of the speed of light.
c. 80 of the speed of light.
d. The speed of light c.
e. 110 of the speed of light.
[Ques. 9] Length contraction occurs:
a. only along the direction of relative motion.
b. only perpendicular to the direction of relative motion.
c. in the frame where the moving object is at rest.
d. in all directions.
e. at a single direction that is unrelated to the direction of relative motion.
[Ques. 10] What behavior of muons moving through Earth's atmosphere was different compared to muons at rest in a way that helped confirm time dilation?
a. They moved a shorter distance in Earth's reference system than in their own.
b. Their size was smaller as seen from Earth's reference system.
c. Their arrival in Earth's atmosphere and their detection on the ground were no longer synchronized.
d. Their speed was different as seen in Earth's reference system and in the reference system in which they were at rest.
e. They lived longer as shown by traveling farther before decay in Earth's reference system.
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