One explanation for the peak shift effect is that the SD is perceived as:
A) quite dissimilar from the S.
B) somewhat similar to the S.
C) overtly salient.
D) subtly salient.
Question 2One explanation for the peak shift effect is that during discrimination training, a subject responds in terms of the _____ values of stimuli rather than the _____ values.
A) relative; absolute
B) absolute; relative
C) salient; intense
D) intense; salient
Question 3Erik dated Mandy, who was a brunette, for about six months. He found Mandy nice but rather boring. He then dated Angele, who was very spontaneous, funny, exciting, and had reddish-brown hair. Now that he and Angele have broken up, Erik goes out with his friends on the weekends and approaches only girls with red hair. Erik's friend, a behaviorist, suggests that Erik's behavior illustrates the _____.
A) peak shift effect
B) partial reinforcement effect
C) shaping effect
D) systematic desensitization effect
Question 4An animal's response is reinforced in the presence of a tone that is 50 decibels (dB) in loudness, but not a tone that is 70 dB in loudness. In a test of generalization, the strongest response will most likely be to a tone that is _____ dB in loudness.
A) 40
B) 90
C) 60
D) 80
Question 5A rat receives food when it presses a lever in the presence of a 900-Hz tone but not in the presence of a 1300-Hz tone. In a subsequent test of generalization, which of the following tones would most likely produce the highest rate of lever pressing?
A) 850 Hz
B) 1250 Hz
C) 1300 Hz
D) 1350 Hz
Question 6A pigeon's response is reinforced on an orange key but not a yellow key. In a test of the generalization gradient, the strongest response will most likely be to a(n) _____.
A) yellowish-orange key
B) yellow key
C) blue key
D) reddish-orange key
Question 7Following a discrimination training procedure in which a red key was established as the S and an orange key was established as the SD, a test of generalization is conducted in which the strongest response occurs to a yellowish-orange key. This result is a demonstration of _____.
A) response generalization
B) errorless discrimination
C) the peak shift effect
D) error-filled discrimination
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