A patient who is immunosuppressed asks the nurse why he is experiencing so many illnesses. How should the nurse respond?
1. You are unable to develop immunity to common bacteria, so you experience more illnesses.
2. Your body takes longer to develop an immune response.
3. Your body thinks everything is foreign matter and responds with an illness.
4. You are under severe stress, which is causing the illnesses.
Question 2A patient is prescribed an immunosuppressive agent. Which statement indicates the patient needs additional instruction from the nurse about this drug?
1. I should drink a lot of fruit juices, such as grapefruit juice.
2. I know to call the physician if I start experiencing a lot of bruising.
3. I should drink plenty of water to keep from getting dehydrated.
4. If I experience any joint pain, I should take ibuprofen for the pain as needed every 4 hours.
Question 3A patient tells the nurse that she hopes she does not develop rheumatoid arthritis because her mother suffers so much pain with the disorder. What should the nurse respond?
1. Autoimmune disorders are genetically linked.
2. The only way you will develop this disorder is if you become highly stressed.
3. The amount of estrogen you have in your body will prevent the onset of the disorder.
4. Limit your physical activity to prevent the onset of the disorder.
Question 4A patient had skin taken from the upper thigh and placed over a burn area on the shoulder. The nurse expects which likely outcome for this patient?
1. The graft will be successful.
2. The graft will immediately become cyanotic.
3. The graft will become swollen and edematous within 3 to 4 months.
4. The graft will lift away from the body over several years.
Question 5A patient is diagnosed with valvular heart disease after experiencing rheumatic heart fever. The nurse understands this disorder is caused by what action?
1. molecular mimicry
2. release of hidden antigens into the circulation
3. biologic changes that cause self-antigens to produce autoantibodies
4. autoimmune response by slow-growing mycobacteria
Question 6A patient develops a fever, rash, joint and muscle pain, and swollen lymph nodes after receiving a sulfonamide. What should these symptoms suggest to the nurse?
1. serum sickness
2. exacerbation of a disease process
3. acute influenza
4. subacute rheumatoid arthritis
Question 7A patient develops hemolytic anemia after receiving a dose of penicillin. What action should the nurse realize is indicated for this patient?
1. Administer no further doses of penicillin.
2. Administer a blood transfusion.
3. Provide oxygen.
4. Increase fluids.
Question 8A patient who has received a bone marrow transplant develops a maculopapular rash on the palms of both hands and the soles of the feet. The patient complains of severe abdominal pain with bloody diarrhea.
What should the nurse suspect this patient is experiencing?
1. graft-versus-host disease
2. chronic tissue rejection
3. acute tissue rejection
4. hyperacute tissue rejection
Question 9A patient is diagnosed with a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. What is an example of this type of reaction?
1. latex allergy
2. reaction to a wasp sting
3. serum sickness
4. autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Question 10A patient comes into the emergency department with itching, swelling, and slight shortness of breath after being stung by a bee. The nurse realizes this patient is experiencing which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
1. type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity
2. type II cytotoxic hypersensitivity
3. type III immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity
4. type IV delayed hypersensitivity
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