A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has the flu and calls the nurse asking what to do. The best ...

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has the flu and calls the nurse asking what to do. The best advice by the nurse would be:
 
  1. You should be hospitalized whenever you have the flu, in case it affects your diabetes.
  2. You should increase your insulin dose for 5 days, then return to the prescribed dose.
  3. Measure your blood sugar and urinary ketones every 2-4 hours while you are sick.
  4. You should not take any insulin until you are well again.

Question 2

A client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is so important to exercise several times a week. Which is the best response by the nurse?
 
  1. Exercise helps to increase blood sugar levels, so the body needs less food.
  2. Exercise increases the use of insulin in the body, so it requires less insulin.
  3. Exercise helps reduce high ketone levels, so the body stays healthier.
  4. Exercise brings down high sugar levels, so the body needs less food.

Question 3

The father of an 11-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus says that the child has frequent nightmares and wakes up in the middle of the night. What could be the cause of the nightmares?
 
  1. The child is experiencing anxiety related to the diabetes.
  2. The child might be experiencing Somogyi phenomenon, which often occurs at night.
  3. The child might be experiencing dawn phenomenon with blood sugar elevations.
  4. The child's nightmares have nothing to do with the diabetes.

Question 4

The client who is self-injecting insulin was advised by the nurse to rotate injection sites because:
 
  1. it reduces the danger of nerve damage and decreases absorption.
  2. it reduces the chance of infection and increases absorption.
  3. insulin can reach all parts of the body and be used more efficiently.
  4. it reduces irritation to the tissues and increases absorption.

Question 5

A client hospitalized with diabetic ketoacidosis calls the nurse and reports feeling hungry, shaky, and anxious. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
 
  1. Administer 10 mg glucagon intramuscularly.
  2. Give 6 oz of orange juice to drink.
  3. Check the client's blood pressure and pulse.
  4. Call the lab to draw blood for a glucose level.

Question 6

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the Emergency Department with an elevated temperature and urinary tract infection. The findings were 31 acetone in the urine and blood glucose of 654 mg/dL.
 
  The nurse recognizes that the client is probably experiencing:
 
  1. a Somogyi reaction.
  2. nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome.
  3. hyperinsulinism.
  4. diabetic ketoacidosis.