Which individual will most likely benefit from a dietary supplement?

Which individual will most likely benefit from a dietary supplement?
 a. Carlos, a college junior with a full course load who is active in his fraternity and trying to gain muscle mass
  b. Renee, a 28-year-old woman who is pregnant and a semi-vegetarian
  c. Sam, who is overweight by about 20 pounds and has been increasing his physical activity and decreasing his calorie intake
  d. Pamela, a 48-year-old woman who is entering menopause and exercises regularly and eats a balanced diet
  e. James, who lives in a rural area that does not have fluoridated water

Q. 2

The FDA largely relies on reports of ill effects from manufacturers, health professionals, and _____.
 a. U.S. Pharmacopeia
  b. other government agencies
  c. university laboratories
  d. consumers
  e. independent laboratories

Q. 3

Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been found to benefit health by increasing the _____.
 a. number of red blood cells in the body
  b. health-promoting functions of phytochemicals in the body
  c. strength of the cardiovascular system
  d. absorption of certain vitamins
  e. mass of beneficial microorganisms in the small intestines and colon

Q. 4

Use of probiotics may cause _____.
 a. ulcers
  b. temporary gas and bloating
  c. irregular heartbeats
  d. hypertension
 e. a temporary spike in insulin

Q. 5

Dietary supplements _____.
 a. are approved for use by the FDA
  b. have accurate health claims
  c. do not list side effects on product labels
  d. are all tested for safety
 e. are all tested for effectiveness

Q. 6

Individuals with impaired absorption processes may benefit from _____ supplements.
 a. vitamin K
  b. iron
  c. vitamin C
  d. calcium
 e. vitamin B12

Q. 7

If a function claim is made on the label or package inserts, the label or insert must include the FDA disclaimer, which states that the _____.
 a. validity of the claim is supported by an independent research organization
  b. effectiveness of the product is supported by scientific research
  c. purity and potency of the supplement are guaranteed
  d. side effects are minimal
  e. FDA does not support the claim

Q. 8

Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been found to benefit health by decreasing the _____.
 a. symptoms and onset of urinary tract infections
  b. incidence of heartburn
  c. symptoms and onset of ear infections
  d. duration of colds
  e. immune functions of the colon