Which statement best describes athletes who eat well-balanced diets?

Which statement best describes athletes who eat well-balanced diets?
 a. These athletes are less likely than sedentary people to need vitamin-mineral supplements because training reduces the body's requirements.
  b. These athletes are less likely than sedentary people to need vitamin-mineral supplements because they eat more food.
  c. These athletes are more likely than sedentary people to need vitamin-mineral supplements because training increases the body's requirements.
  d. These athletes are more likely than sedentary people to need vitamin-mineral supplements because they enhance performance effectively.
  e. These athletes have increased caloric needs, and vitamin-mineral supplements along with balanced meals significantly improves their performance.

Q. 2

Lucy and Marcy are sorority sisters whose heights, weights, and ages are almost exactly the same. Lucy is studying engineering and walks several times a week for exercise. Marcy is an exercise physiology major who aspires to be a professional tennis player, and runs marathons as a hobby. How would you expect their healthful diets to differ?
 a. Lucy needs more calories and less carbohydrates than Marcy.
 b. Lucy needs fewer calories and more proteins than Marcy.
 c. Marcy needs more calories and more carbohydrates than Lucy.
 d. Marcy needs less carbohydrates and more proteins than Lucy.
 e. Since Lucy and Marcy are nearly the same heights, weights, and ages, their nutritional needs are nearly the same.

Q. 3

Raphael, a linebacker, is starting for his school's football team at their 10:30 a.m. game on Saturday. Among the following selections, his best pre-game food choice would be ____.
 a. a breakfast of scrambled eggs, toast, margarine, and coffee at 7:00 a.m.
 b. a snack of ice cream topped with hot fudge sauce and water at 8:30 a.m.
 c. a breakfast of whole-grain pancakes and 16 ounces of orange juice at 7:30 a.m.
  d. a snack of a banana, small box of raisins, and sports drink at 10:00 a.m.
 e. a fruit and fiber bar at 10:00 a.m followed by 20 ounces of fruit juice at 10:20 a.m.

Q. 4

Adding about 50 mg of ____ per cup of a beverage is thought to enhance water absorption from the GI tract.
 a. sucrose
 b. glucose polymers
  c. sodium
 d. calcium
 e. glycine

Q. 5

A likely result of exercising vigorously for an hour in hot, humid weather without drinking any fluids is ____.
 a. decreased body temperature
 b. decreased heart rate
 c. muscle swelling and inflammation
  d. muscle cramping and fatigue
 e. increased risk of hypernatremia

Q. 6

Stan sweats profusely when he works out at his college's weight room, even though the facility is always very cool inside. Why is this?
 a. Stan has a high metabolism that causes him to perspire all the time
 b. Stan's working muscles give off a lot of heat, which must then be released
 c. Stan drinks too much water during his workouts
 d. Stan's plasma volume is not being maintained at an appropriate level
 e. The room's humidity level is too low causing Stan's body to try to compensate

Q. 7

Kyle wants to improve his fitness and drop a few extra pounds. The most important thing Kyle can do to achieve these goals is to ____.
 a. start a daily or weekly exercise routine and stick to it consistently
  b. join a fitness club and sign up for personal training sessions
 c. buy some high-quality athletic shoes and exercise DVDs
 d. order a book with a popular exercise program and follow it exactly
  e. purchase exercise equipment recommended by a close friend