Long-term use of pharmaceutical forms of cortisol (cortisone, prednisone) results in ____.
A) thickening of the skin
B) dehydration
C) hypothyroidism
D) early osteoporosis
Q. 2Excessive amounts of homocysteine in the blood are thought to increase the risk for ____.
A) cancer
B) diabetes
C) heart disease
D) protein-energy malnutrition
Q. 3What effect does an increase in the release of catecholamines have on the body?
A) sodium excretion from the kidneys
B) glycogen breakdown in the liver
C) storage of fatty acids in the adipose cells
D) water reabsorption in the kidneys
Q. 4Relative to animal proteins, which amino acid is present in lesser amounts in proteins of legumes?
A) alanine
B) isoleucine
C) tryptophan
D) glutamic acid
Q. 5In response to metabolic and respiratory stress, the body experiences ____.
A) hypometabolism
B) a breakdown of muscle mass
C) a decrease in carbon dioxide in the blood
D) only minor complications
Q. 6Alberta is a 20-year-old who has been a vegetarian for three years. She comes to you for advice after reading some material online by the Meat Promoters of America organization. One of their statements is ...vegetarians are at risk for protein deficiency because they cannot consume all of the essential amino acids necessary for healthy individuals. How should Alberta be advised?
A) She should consume dairy and egg products at every meal to protect herself against protein deficiency.
B) She should avoid the limiting amino acids because they are limiting her ability to maintain proper protein status.
C) Because the statement is basically true, she should consider eating small quantities of meat every day in order to avoid protein deficiency.
D) Although many foods don't provide all the essential amino acids individually, she could consume complementary proteins throughout the day, which would provide all the essential amino acids she needs.
Q. 7A disruption to the body's chemical environment that threatens its normal and healthy functioning is called ____ stress.
A) metabolic
B) severe
C) physiological
D) dysfunctional
Q. 8If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
A) Body cells will synthesize it.
B) Protein synthesis will be limited.
C) Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate.
D) Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid.
Q. 9Discuss the use of carbohydrates in parenteral nutrition.
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