Freuds stages of psychosexual developpment follow which view of the shape of development?
a. The shape of development is discontinuous and qualitative.
b. The shape of development is continuous and qualitative.
c. The shape of development is discontinuous and quantitative.
d. The shape of development is continuous and quantitative.
Ques. 2Noelle is a 12-year old who knows that she is expected to drop off her cell phone at the school office as soon as she enters school in the morning. Based on Freud's beliefs, which element of personality drives Noelle's desire to hide her cell phone in her backpack rather than dropping it off at the school office?
a. ego
b. id
c. superego
d. psychosocial conflict
Ques. 3Young geese will attach to the first nurturing figure they see after they are born. This principle is known as ________________, which is considered to be a bonding experience that has great adaptive value.
a. ethology
b. psychosocial crisis
c. imprinting
d. operant conditioning
Ques. 4Most researchers agree the birth of child development studies in the United Sates began in the ______ under the scholarship of John Dewey.
a. 1920s
b. late 1800s
c. 1960s
d. 1950s
Ques. 5The science of child development has evolved in the past century. Today's research questions typically require multidisciplinary approaches. Current experts in child development criticize Piagetian theory because:
a. it does not provide information about cognitive development that is useful for teachers.
b. it overly reflects the activities and expectations of Western cultures.
c. it places too much emphasis on organization and does not address adaptation.
d. it represents the inconsistencies in children's thinking at the various stages.
Ques. 6What is the most important thing to keep in mind when considering results from correlational research?
a. Correlation does not mean causation.
b. Correlations below 1.0 are meaningless and are not recognized as valid results.
c. Negative correlations are not valid.
d. If a correlation is above the value of 1.0, then we have evidence that one factor caused the other.
Ques. 7What developmental changes are relatively unaffected by environment?
a. Cognitive skill development
b. A child's identity
c. Growth and maturation
d. Emotional development
Ques. 8All of the following descriptors characterize adolescence EXCEPT:
a. Their growing cognitive abilities lead to the development of greater idealism.
b. They move toward an independent identity and accept greater responsibility.
c. They are beginning to understand abstract concepts such as intention and morality.
d. They spend more time with peers than with family.
Ques. 9The Institutional Review Board exists to ensure:
a. researchers do not claim causation when they are conducing correlational research.
b. researchers conducting research involving human subjects are following all ethical guidelines.
c. the microgenetic approach to research is used if the sample of children is under the age of 18.
d. the institution's resources are appropriately allocated among departments and researchers.
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