Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget's cognitive developmental theory and ...

Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget's cognitive developmental theory and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?
 
  A) Both emphasize the joint contributions of nature and nurture to one's development.
  B) Both suggest that one's genetic endowment determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills.
  C) Both suggest that experience determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills.
  D) Both see the child's functioning as adaptive.

Question 2

Amelia's teachers are of the opinion that she can become a successful lawyer and encourage her to achieve that goal. Inspired by their encouragement, she plans to study business law in college. However, she takes this decision without considering other career options. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, this scenario exemplifies the stage of:
 
  A) moratorium.
  B) identity diffusion.
  C) foreclosure.
  D) identity achievement.

Question 3

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory suggests that:
 
  A) a child's interactions with adults organize the child's learning experiences.
  B) children learn only through a complex interaction of rewards and punishments.
  C) children are like miniature adults and need to be rigidly instructed to obtain cognitive skills.
  D) a child's development is unaffected by ethnicity and gender.

Question 4

Rob is a teenager who often skips school to go to the movies. He has no interest in studies and gets angry when his parents try to speak to him about his attitude. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Rob is most likely in the _____ stage.
 
  A) identity diffusion
  B) foreclosure
  C) identity achievement
  D) moratorium

Question 5

Paul believes that the manner in which people interact with each other and the environment in which they live in are critical to understanding human development. He is most likely studying the _____ on human development.
 
  A) evolutionary perspective
  B) cognitive perspective
  C) ecological perspective
  D) ethological perspective

Question 6

Nikita is a 15-year-old girl. Her performance at school is poor, and she has no hobbies or interests. She has no goals for her future and is content to spend her life one day at a time. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Nikita is most likely in the _____ stage.
 
  A) moratorium
  B) identity achievement
  C) foreclosure
  D) identity diffusion

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the sociocultural perspective?
 
  A) It illuminates the interplay between genetics and development.
  B) It explains how one's genes interact with one's environment.
  C) It explores the importance of the unconscious on child development.
  D) It examines the impact of human diversity on people.