Question about the genetic code and alleles?

i don't understand what you are asking. yes, of course the child has a different genetic code than it's parents. codes for making proteins (in general) stay the same because they are common among all people, regardless of allele changes. does that answer it?

DNA structure

Hey there!

Ok lets start with the crossing over, which is deinfed as the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. This is called synapsis, and as you might know is normally taking place during prophase 1 of meiosis. This process is "initiated before the synaptonemal complex develops, and its completed until near the end of prophase 1".  The process which you are describing is biologically defined as recombination, which thus results in the exchange of genes  between two homologous chromosomes. This usually occurs when matching regions on matching chromosomes break and then reconent to the other chromosome. There's a problem though,  similarities in sequence can result in mismatched alignments this is known as unbalanced recombination (which if you have any questions on you can feel free to e-mail me about). Anyways. Unbalanced recomb. can result in deletions, duplications, translocation and inversions, which can either benefit or not the zygote. Since the chromosomal crossover took place, the fetus will have a unique genetic code from the parents (which is also a normal biological process). As you said alleles are the formula for amino acids which in result are the building blocks of proteins. What you said is right, however there's a mistake. "thus creating a new chromosome with different alleles on it for the child" no. You're not creating a new chromosome, if so he's the result of a mutation with 47 chromosomes instead of 46, and thus give place to genetic disorders (which most likely will not allow to live him past 40). Therefore you're not creating a new chromosome, simply a section of the chromosome is being exchanged, thus creating a mutation, a change, or an alteration to that section of the chromosome.