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ilohim ilohim
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12 years ago
What is the structure and function of the alveolus and the respiratory membrane?
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12 years ago
Alveoli Function: Gas exchange by diffusion over thin respiratory membrane

Alveolar Oxygen into blood and carbon dioxide flush out into alveolar air.

Structure: Tiny terminal Air sacs consisting of alveolar epithelial cells:
1) Type I pneumocytes (the basic epithelial cells)

2) Type II pneumocytes which

(=>secrete surfuctant that reduces surface tension & prevents lung collapse,
=> regenerate type I pneumocytes following lung injury)

These epithelial cells have a basement membrane.
Then in close proximity to this is the basemen membrane of the capillary endothelial cells. Lastly, the endothelial cells of the capillary themselves.

i.e. Respiratory membarane consists of:

1) alveolar epithelial cells
2) alveolar basement membrane
3) endothelial basement membrane
4) endothelium cells
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