What circumstances are generally not associated with histone phosphorylation?
A. in association with chromatin remodeling during transcription
B. during DNA repair
C. during homologous recombination
D. cyclically during the cell cycle
E. Histone phosphorylation is associated with all of the above circumstances.
Which of the following is not considered a type of structure that may sustain epigenetic effects?
A. a protein aggregate that controls the conformation of new subunits as they are synthesized
B. a proteinaceous structure attached to DNA
C. a chromosome rearrangement, such as an inversion
D. covalent modification of DNA, such as methylation
E. All of the above may sustain epigenetic effects.
What is the specific role of Xist in mammalian X-inactivation?
A. It encodes a protein that triggers heterochromatin formation on one X and suppresses it on the other X.
B. It is a DNA element acting as a binding site for proteins that trigger heterochromatin formation.
C. It produces an antisense RNA that prevents inactivation of one X chromosome.
D. It produces an RNA that accumulates on the future inactive X.
E. It encodes a transcription factor that activates genes producing proteins that function in X-inactivation.
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