Probation, primarily of ________ origin, is an outgrowth of the suspended sentence and is the newest form of correctional treatment for the offender.
A) American
B) English
C) French
D) Spanish
(Question #2) Probation is a form of ________, and an offender has no inherent right to demand to be placed on probation.
A) retribution
B) clemency
C) vengeance
D) an indeterminate sentence
(Question #3) The Constitutions ban on cruel and unusual punishment bars the execution of mentally retarded people as noted in this U.S. Supreme Court case:
A) Furman v. Georgia.
B) Atkins v. Virginia.
C) Gregg v. Georgia.
D) Texas v. Johnson.
(Question #4) In the Williams case, the U.S. Supreme Court held that imprisoning one who was indigent and unable to pay the fine beyond the maximum amount of imprisonment prescribed by law was in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the:
A) Fifth Amendment
B) Eighth Amendment
C) Fourteenth Amendment
D) Twenty First Amendment
(Question #5) A form of punishment for minor crimes.
A) Banishment
B) Fine
C) Jail
D) Halfway house
(Question #6) The benefit of clergy was a forerunner of the:
A) blood feud.
B) trial by battle.
C) death penalty.
D) suspended sentence.
(Question #7) In many states, before a defendant is sentenced after a felony conviction:
A) an appellate court must determined that the trial was fair.
B) the trial judge orders a presentence investigation.
C) the defendant must receive mental health counseling.
D) the jury must make a sentence recommendation.
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