In family systems theory, what is circular causality?
a. A change in one member of a family system or one aspect of family life has effects on the rest of the system.
b. No change occurs as the result of just one stimulus. Rather, many things contribute to changes in a system.
c. Different people react to identical changes in different ways.
d. When people make changes, they usually have to return to the problem multiple times.
e. It is nearly impossible to identify causes for changes, so systems therapists diagram a circle that shows all of the forces that contribute to the change or interfere with the desired outcome.
Q. 2In family systems theory, what are boundaries?
a. The behaviors that people engage in to differentiate themselves from other people.
b. Perceptible lines that systems use to prevent other systems from intruding. For instance, family members share last names so that they identify with one another.
c. Lines that separate non-interacting systems from one another.
d. Conceptual, emotional or physical barriers that separate a system from other systems even though the systems interact with one another.
e. The gray areas between categories of clients, such as the schizophrenic group or the group of bipolar clients.
Q. 3In family systems theory, the tendency toward homeostasis means that
a. family members fill predictable roles.
b. everything in the family system is in agreeable balance.
c. the status quo is reinforced and deviation from family norms is punished.
d. everyone in the family system is operating at his or her highest and most satisfying level.
e. the optimal level of family functioning can never be reached.
Q. 4What characteristic of a family system likens it to a machine?
a. When something is broken, it takes someone from outside of the system to intervene on its behalf.
b. It is stable and resilient over time.
c. Parts of its functioning are distinguishable from other parts to the degree that therapy can focus on the most pertinent issue.
d. Once it is broken through such life events as divorce or death, there is little likelihood that it can be restored to its original level of functioning.
e. Its functioning is a composite of the functioning of all its parts.
Q. 5What are the two fundamental concepts of Bowens theory of family counseling?
a. Emotional illness develops in relationship to others, and healing treatment takes place in the context of therapeutic relationships.
b. Emotional illness develops in individuals because of their unique makeups and experiences; however, healing requires a therapeutic relationship with the counselor and support of the clients family.
c. Emotional illness develops in individuals as a result of genetics; however, healing requires a therapeutic relationship with the counselor and support of the clients family.
d. Emotional illness develops in relationship to others, and healing occurs in the relationship between the counselor and the client.
e. Schizophrenia is caused by the mother/child relationship.
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