State two problems associated with easy access to pleasing reinforcers, according to Skinner.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 2Essential criteria for a theory include all of the following except
a. definitions of key terms.
b. empirical proof.
c. explicit assumptions.
d. specific principles based on assumptions.
Ques. 3According to Skinner, all of the following support the use of teaching machines except
a. school learning contains gaps and omissions.
b. students alone cannot bridge between behaviors and ideas.
c. teachers cannot provide the necessary number of reinforcements.
d. the student must be actively involved in learning.
Ques. 4The first research on the mind by Wilhelm Wundt explored
a. auditory perception and attention.
b. hand-eye coordination and response rate.
c. memory and problem solving.
d. problem construction and deduction.
Ques. 5A stretched variable-ratio schedule that leads ultimately to the long-term detriment of the subject is known as
a. group-maintained behavior.
b. negative utility.
c. punishment.
d. rule-governed behavior.
Ques. 6All of the following are contrived reinforcers except
a. colored tokens.
b. early class dismissal.
c. solving puzzles.
d. verbal praise.
Ques. 7The view of the learner as one who forms and tests possible mental structures is advocated by all of the following except
a. Gagn's theory.
b. Piagetian theory.
c. radical constructivism.
d. social constructivism.
Ques. 8The genetic characteristics of individuals combined with a particular history of reinforcement, in Skinner's view, account for
a. individual differences.
b. mental retardation.
c. self-paced learning.
d. transfer of learning.
Ques. 9According to Skinner, dedicated behavior is the result of a/an
a. alternating schedules of reinforcement.
b. fixed interval reinforcement schedule.
c. increasing variable-ratio schedule.
d. schedule of continuous reinforcement.
Ques. 10All of the following contributed to the emergence of information- processing theory except
a. first National Defense Education Act.
b. military training research.
c. modern high-speed computer.
d. research in human engineering.
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