Estefan has problems with penmanship. His fine motor skills are not well developed and Mrs. Finch believes that he will never perform well enough to gainreinforcement. Mrs. Finch breaks the task of forming letters with long stems into small steps. First, she expects Estefan to make straight stems. She will reinforce his efforts when he makes straight stems on his writing assignment. In this case, she is using:
a. cueing.
b. the Premack principle.
c. shaping.
d. cueing and prompting.
Ques. 2Ayo's parents are from Nigeria, but emigrated to the U.S. before Ayo was born. Ayo's dad is a medical doctor in a Houston suburb, and his mom has an art gallery in the city. Ayo attends an elite private high school and is one of the top players on his school's basketball team. Based on this information, what is the best description of Ayo's cultural ties?
a. Culturally, Ayo is Nigerian.
b. Ayo's cultural ties are African American.
c. Culturally, Ayo's influences are American and Nigerian.
d. Ayo's cultural ties are Nigerian, American, upper class, and basketball.
Ques. 3Mr. Chavez teaches high school science. During the first week of school, he describes the diversity among his students. Which description is stereotypical?
a. An Asian American girl who is probably a model student
b. A Mexican American boy who says he wants to play professional baseball like his uncle
c. A Native American girl who achieved low scores in science last year
d. A tall African American boy who is competing for the position of starting wide receiver on the football team
Ques. 4Ms. Dominguez is the principal in a secondary school in an impoverished community. All students in her school come from low-income or poverty level families. What advice should Ms. Dominguez give her teachers to improve the effectiveness of teaching these students?
a. She should advise teachers to set low expectations and help students achieve success below their grade level.
b. She should advise teachers to show understanding of students' home lives, avoid giving homework, and excuse incomplete work.
c. She should advise teachers to avoid correcting student work and focus on life skills such as interpersonal relationships.
d. She should advise teachers to set high expectations and maintain high standards.
Ques. 5Which of the following terms relates to shared cultural characteristics such as common history, religion, traditions, and language?
a. Race
b. Minority group
c. Socioeconomic status
d. Ethnicity
Ques. 6Chet, the seven-year-old son of Thai parents, is growing up in a Thai community in a large metro area. His family is poor and most of his friends come from poor families. Based on statistics, why is Chet less likely than children from wealthier families to succeed academically?
a. He is less likely to succeed academically because he, more than children from wealthier families, is likely to lose ground academically during the summers.
b. He is less likely to succeed academically because academic expectations are low despite high quality schools and resources in poor communities.
c. He is less likely to succeed academically because teachers in metro area schools are typically underqualified and underprepared to help children overcome the setbacks associated with poverty.
d. He is less likely to succeed academically because his family, unlike wealthier families,is likely toencourage him to become a part of the resistance culture in the community.
Ques. 7Marcelo focuses his attention on the diagram and studies the details to help him capture a visual image that he will remember. What kind of knowledge is Marcelo using?
a. Abstract knowledge
b. Domain-specific knowledge
c. General knowledge
d. Reinforcement
Ques. 8Skye got into a habit of watching TV and using social media to keep up with all of her friends before starting homework. She was embarrassed when she turned in an incomplete history paper and fell asleep during science class last week. She set a goal of doing her homework as soon as she gets home from school every day. What system is most likely to help her change her behavior?
a. Behavior modification
b. Functional behavioral assessment
c. Positive behavior supports
d. Self-management
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