5 a. Construct a character table for the following organisms listed using the derived characters described for each below. In your table, use a 1 to indicate that the character is present and a 0 to indicate that it is absent.
Lamprey – backbone present, no hinged jaw, no limbs, no amnion, does not produce milk, no dorsal fin
Perch – backbone present, hinged jaw present, no limbs, no amnion, does not produce milk, dorsal fin present
Lancelet – no backbone, no hinged jaw, no limbs, no amnion, does not produce milk, no dorsal fin
Frog – backbone present, hinged jaw present, four limbs, no amnion, does not produce milk, no dorsal fin
Wolf – backbone present, hinged jaw present, four limbs, amnion, produces milk, no dorsal fin
Turtle – backbone present, hinged jaw present, four limbs, amnion, does not produce milk, no dorsal fin
Whale – backbone present, hinged jaw present, four limbs*, amnion, produces milk, dorsal fin present
*Note that as embryos whales have hind limb buds for a total of four limbs.
b. In the space below, draw a phylogenetic tree based on your character table (indicate the origin of the characters with vertical tick marks) and answer the questions below.
Refer to your diagram above:
c. Name the outgroup _____________________________
_______________________
d. Which two organisms are sister taxa?
_____________________________
_____________________________
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