Which of the following is not a fundamental idea of the ideology of racism?

Which of the following is not a fundamental idea of the ideology of racism?
 
  a. Humans are divided naturally into different physical types.
  b. Group differences are innate, not subject to change.
  c. Peoples' intelligence is unrelated to their physical characteristics.
  d. Some groups are superior to others.

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Where racial and ethnic consciousness is strong, people tend to see their own racial or ethnic group as superior to others. This reflects:
 
  a. cultural racism.
  b. a sense of community.
  c. the socially constructed nature of race and ethnicity.
  d. ethnocentrism.