A nurse is removing a saturated dressing from an abdominal incision and must cut the tape to remove ...

ANS: B
Correct: A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence that could result in serious physical or psychological injury to the patient, including the possibility of returning to surgery and a prolonged length of stay.
Incorrect:
a. A root cause analysis is the process by which basic or causal factors that underlie variation in performance, such as a sentinel event, are identified, but this process is not the event itself.
c. A variation results from the lack of perfect uniformity in the performance of any process, but when the variation is this serious, it is referred to as a sentinel event.
d. Causal factors are the underlying causes of the event, not the actual event.

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ANS: B
Correct: The Institute of Medicine is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to advance and disseminate to the government, the corporate sector, the professions, and the public scientific information that will improve human health.
Incorrect:
a. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices is a nonprofit organization that is an educational resource only for the prevention of medication errors.
c. The National Committee for Quality Assurance is the accrediting body for health maintenance organizations.
d. The Joint Commission is a national agency that conducts surveys and certifies compliance with established standards for inpatient and ambulatory facilities.

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ANS: B
Correct: A top-down flowchart shows the sequence of steps in a job or process such as medication administration.
Incorrect:
a. A deployment flowchart shows the detailed steps involved in a process and the people or departments that are involved at each step in the process; this is not involved in this scenario.
c. The Pareto chart is used in quality improvement to indicate that 80 of problems usually stem from 20 of causes; it displays data so that a few problems are easily depicted and facilitates improvement that focuses on those few.
d. A control plot is a run chart that has a center-line and added statistical control limits; it helps reveal specific types of change within a process, rather than providing a sequencing of steps.

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ANS: A, B, C, D
Correct:
The primary considerations for staffing a specific nursing unit are the number of patients; the level of intensity of care required by those patients (commonly referred to as patient acuity); contextual issues, such as architecture, geography of the environment, and available technology; level of preparation and experience of the staff members providing the care; and the quality of the nurses' work life.
Incorrect:
e. Tasks are assigned according to educational level and experience rather than individual nurse preferences.

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