Amino acids, fatty acids, sugars, and nucleotides are produced during which metabolic reaction?
a. Fueling
b. Biosynthesis
c. Polymerization
d. Assembly
A bacterial cell that contains an outer membrane and periplasmic space stains pink to red on Gram stain. Which one of the following statements explains this discrepancy?
a. The bacteria were subjected to too much alcohol during the decolorization process, causing the organism to absorb the pink-to-red dye.
b. The bacteria with an outer membrane and periplasmic space should not be Gram stained because of their cell wall content.
c. Something is wrong with the lot of stains and may be expired. The Gram stain rea-gents are most likely expired.
d. No discrepancy is present; organisms that contain an outer membrane and periplas-mic space should stain pink because of their cell wall composition.
Class III biological safety cabinets:
a. sterilize the air as it passes over the ma-terial in the cabinet.
b. protect the environment from contamina-tion by biological agents by filtering the air as it is exhausted from the cabinet.
c. are completely enclosed and have gloves that enable the worker to manipulate the material in the cabinet.
d. are often called laminar flow hoods.
The structure of bacterial chromosomes differs from that of eukaryotic organisms in all of the following except:
a. bacterial chromosomes are typically cir-cular.
b. the genes are polycistronic.
c. the bacteria have two copies of each chromosome.
d. bacterial mutations are easily transmitted or inherited.
If a patient sample contains 8 copies of viral DNA, predict how many DNA copies would be present following three rounds of PCR amplification.
a. 16
b. 24
c. 32
d. 64
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