Interaction of a PAMP with a TLR triggers transmembrane signal transduction and subsequent
A) clonal expansion.
B) antibody production.
C) complement protein activation.
D) phagocytosis and inflammation.
Immunoglobulins and TCRs associate with adaptor molecules that have
A) a C domain.
B) immune-based tyrosine-activation motifs (ITAMs).
C) pathogen recognition receptors.
D) toll-like receptors.
Signal transduction pathways initiate activation of transcription after specific
A) TH cell death.
B) ligand-receptor binding on the cell surface.
C) cytokines diffuse across the cytoplasmic membrane.
D) antigen-antibody binding.
The chemokine CCL2
A) attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells.
B) stimulates production of inflammatory mediators.
C) organizes an antigen specific immune response.
D) attracts basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells; stimulates production of inflammatory mediators; and organizes an antigen specific immune response.
The PAMP recognized by mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is the sugar mannose, found as a repeating subunit in
A) human mucus.
B) lymphocyte receptors.
C) bacterial and fungal polysaccharides.
D) bacterial peptidoglycan.
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