The only organisms that perform photosynthesis are ones that produce some form of
A) chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll.
B) carotenoids.
C) phycoerythrin.
D) phycocyanin.
A cell that lacks sulfite oxidase but can still oxidize sulfur for energy could be identified by
A) adenosine phosphosulfate reductase coupled with substrate-level phosphorylation.
B) electrons being transferred to cytochrome c prior to shuttling them into the electron transport chain.
C) identifying an alternative quinone, flavoprotein, or cytochrome.
D) quantifying the release of sulfate byproduct.
What metabolic advantage do cells have in storing the elemental sulfur byproduct from sulfide oxidation?
A) The cells avoid producing transport energy waste to secrete the sulfur.
B) The byproduct serves as an electron reserve for subsequent oxidation.
C) Sulfur decreases the intracellular acidification for non-acid-tolerant sulfide oxidizers.
D) The byproduct can be used for other biosynthetic pathways that use sulfur, such as Rieske Fe-S proteins.
The aerated upper layer of soil is likely to have ________ concentrations of H2 for aerobic H2-oxidizing Bacteria, so these bacteria likely ________.
A) high / thrive in such conditions by not competing with chemoorganotrophs
B) high / generate important reducing equivalents as byproducts for other microorganisms in the soil
C) low / do not occur in such habitats
D) low / will need a chemoorganotrophic way to grow as well
Alternative autotrophic routes to the Calvin cycle such as the reverse citric acid cycle and the hydroxypropionate pathway are unified in their requirement for
A) CO2.
B) coenzyme A.
C) NAD(P)H.
D) organic compound(s) formed.
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