The ratio of the between-groups variance estimate to the within-groups variance estimate is indicated by
a. the F value.
b. the degrees of freedom.
c. the sum of squares.
d. eta.
If the F value indicates that the between-groups variance is not significantly greater than the within-groups variance in an ANOVA, we can conclude that
a. there is random error.
b. the group means are from the same population.
c. the null hypothesis that the differences between the groups are due only to chance can be rejected.
d. there was an error in the calculation.
If the F value indicates that the between-groups variance estimate is significantly greater than the within-groups variance estimate in an ANOVA, we can conclude that
a. there is random error.
b. the group means are from the same population.
c. the null hypothesis that the differences between the groups are due only to chance can be rejected.
d. there was an error in the calculation.
Within-group variance in an ANOVA is considered to indicate
a. systematic error.
b. differences among the group means.
c. that the group means are from the same population.
d. random error.
A researcher is interested in whether students' grade point averages differed in between those enrolled in lab science, social science, humanities, and mathematics courses. She compared students from a chemistry, an economics, an art, and a calculus class. What would be the most appropriate statistical analysis for these data?
a. Bivariate regression
b. One-way analysis of variance
c. Correlation coefficient
d. Chi-square test for independence
__________ is used to compare the means on a dependent variable between two or more groups of participants who differ on a single independent variable.
a. One-way analysis of variance
b. Regression
c. A contingency table
d. Kappa
A researcher calculates a regression equation in order to
a. predict a score on a second variable from a known score on a first variable.
b. determine the strength of the relationship between two nominal variables.
c. predict the differences between scores on one variable from the scores on a second variable
d. determine the causal relationship between two variables.
As the value of r increases, the proportion of variability statistic
a. increases.
b. decreases.
c. does not change.
d. may increase or decrease.
A researcher wanted to know if aggressive behavior was related to watching violent programs on TV. He selected some students and measured how many violent programs they watched per week (from 0 to 25) and how aggressive their behavior was (as rated on a 1 to 7 scale). What would be the most appropriate statistical analysis for these data?
a. Bivariate regression
b. One-way analysis of variance
c. Multiple regression
d. Chi-square test for independence
For a 2 x 2 contingency table, the appropriate effect size statistic is
a. r.
b. Cohen's kappa.
c. Phi.
d. Cramer's statistic.
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