A nondirectional hypothesis states that the independent variable _____ the dependent variable.
a. negates c. nullifies
b. affects d. disproves
There are two basic types of alternative hypotheses. They are
a. unidirectional and bidirectional c. nondirectional and directional
b. unidimensional and bidimensional d. simple and complex
One way to briefly state the alternative hypothesis for the control group posttest only design is to state that _____.
a. the group means are equal
b. the groups are equivalent because they include the same participants
c. the null hypothesis could not be rejected
d. the group means are not equal
One way to state the null hypothesis is to say that in the control groups posttest only design, _____.
a. randomization was used
b. the two groups are equivalent at the beginning of data collection
c. the two groups are not equal at the end of the experiment
d. the groups means are equal
What kind of statistics allow researchers to make inferences about the likelihood that their results occurred merely by chance?
a. descriptive c. simple
b. reliable d. inferential
The null hypothesis gets its name from the meaning of the word null, which is _____.
a. zero c. empirical
b. need d. testable
If the null hypothesis is true, then the alternative hypothesis _____.
a. must also be true c. might be true
b. cannot be true d. cannot say
If my alternative hypothesis states that people who practice the task for 30 minutes before being tested will perform differently than people who get no practice prior to being tested, then my null hypothesis will state that _____.
a. people who get no practice before the test will do better than those who practice
b. people who get no practice before the test will do worse than those who get practice
c. people who get no practice will perform no differently than those who get practice
d. people who get no practice will perform differently than those who get practice
When conducting an experiment, the researcher hopes to gain support for the _____ hypothesis.
a. null c. post hoc
b. alternative d. statistical
Any _____ hypothesis is constructed before the experiment is conducted.
a. a priori c. pre hoc
b. a posteriori d. post hoc
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