According to Freud, it is not uncommon for boys to develop strong attachments to their mothers during the _____ stage of development.
a. oral c. phallic
b. anal d. genital
According to the text, the quasi-experimental design used most frequently by clinical and social psychologists is the:
A) pretest-posttest design with nonequivalent groups
B) one-group pretest-posttest design
C) person-by-treatment quasi-experiment
D) posttest-only design with nonequivalent groups
Which of the following is the correct order of Freud's psychosexual stages?
a. anal, latency, phallic, oral, genital c. phallic, oral, anal, latency, genital
b. oral, latency, anal, phallic, genital d. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
Which of the following is NOT true of quasi-experiments?
A) They provide researchers with complete control over all aspects of the independent variable(s).
B) The presence of confounded variables can reduce internal validity.
C) They can often be conducted when true experiments cannot.
D) The external validity of quasi-experiments is often higher than that of true experiments.
A nail-biting adult may be said, according to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, to be fixated during which stage of development?
a. oral c. anal
b. phallic d. genital
In comparison with an original study, a replication study usually:
A) tests a new hypothesis by making use of technology that was not available in the past
B) makes changes in operational definitions without changing the constructs being studied
C) reveals potential problems such as restriction of range
D) helps a researcher to identify new predictors of a phenomenon
Becoming fixated during the anal stage of development, in Freud's theory, would lead to:
a. someone who is overly dependent.
b. someone who is very gullible (easily fooled).
c. someone who is shy and overcautious.
d. someone who is careless and sloppy.
Which of the following tips is NOT one of the six commandments of being a good experimenter discussed in the text?
A) be suave
B) be honest
C) be a good liar
D) be punctual
According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, a child may become fixated in the oral stage of development by which of the following?
a. being potty trained too strictly
b. being weaned too early or breastfed for too long
c. concentrating on schoolwork too long
d. playing with opposite-gender children too often
Stephen is a researcher who shows up at the laboratory on his skateboard in a dirty old t-shirt to meet his research participants. Which of the six commandments of being a good researcher does Stephen need to improve?
A) being suave
B) acting like an adult
C) being honest
D) being educated
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