_____ reliability should be established when using the data collection method of _____.
a. Test/retest; checklists
b. Test/retest; narrative records
c. Interrater; narrative records
d. Interrater; checklists
While watching the behavior of your dog at feeding time, you get some ideas about what may be causing the behavior. This is an example of getting research ideas from ____.
a. theory
b. casual observation
c. systematic observation
d. second hand information
_____ observation affords _____ control, but increases the chance of _____.
a. Naturalistic; more; reactivity
b. Naturalistic; less; experimenter effects
c. Laboratory, less; experimenter effects
d. Laboratory; more; reactivity
While shopping, you observe the behavior of adolescents at the mall and get some ideas about what may be causing the behavior. This is an example of getting research ideas from ____.
a. theory
b. casual observation
c. systematic observation
d. second hand information
Lack of flexibility is to _____ observation as lack of control is to _____ observation.
a. laboratory; naturalistic
b. naturalistic; laboratory
c. disguised; undisguised
d. undisguised; disguised
Distinguish between science and pseudoscience.
What will be an ideal response?
Doug is conducting a study of gender differences in conversation dyads. He decides to sit in the student center and watch male/male dyads versus female/female dyads. He believes that the distance between the female/female dyads will be much smaller than that between the male/male dyads. When collecting the data, he notes all cases that fit his hypothesis but tends to miss most cases that do not fit his hypothesis. Doug's data collection behavior illustrates the pitfall of
a. expectancy effects.
b. reactivity.
c. expectancy syndrome.
d. experimenter blindness.
Explain what it means to say that the scientific method or the research process can be viewed as a never ending circle or a spiral of steps rather than a linear process that leads to an end.
What will be an ideal response?
_____ is/are a lesser concern when using _____ observation because the observations are made in an _____ manner.
a. Reactivity; undisguised; obtrusive
b. Expectancy effects; undisguised; unobtrusive
c. Reactivity; disguised; unobtrusive
d. Expectancy effects; disguised; obtrusive
Identify the basic steps in the scientific method and describe how the scientific method is used to answer questions such as, Why are some marriages successful and others are not?
What will be an ideal response?
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