The most recent psychological tests are based in
a. technology.
b. cognitive theories.
c. rigorous validation studies.
d. the predictions of trained professionals.
Which of the following is a responsibility of potential test takers?
a. Knowing and demanding their rights
b. Understanding the validity of tests
c. Selecting which tests to take
d. Relinquishing their privacy rights
Which of the following is true of test security?
a. Test security takes precedence over individuals' rights to know, because society has a vested interest in testing.
b. Test security cannot be predicted at the expense of an individual's right to know the basis of adverse decisions.
c. The Internet has destroyed the last vestiges of test security.
d. Test security is important for achievement and intelligence tests, but not for other types of tests.
Which of the following is of particular concern when computers are used to score and interpret the results of complex psychological tests?
a. invasion of privacy
b. violation of consent
c. improper use of standardization
d. dehumanization
Under what circumstances is informed consent not required for testing?
a. When the individual cannot consent to testing
b. When testing is ordered by the courts
c. When testing uses a well-established procedure
d. When the individual does not want to be tested but the clinician views testing as critical
A 2011 survey of independent practitioners about their use of technology found that
a. considerable cost savings result from the use of technology.
b. they were unsure about what uses of computer technology were ethical and which were unethical.
c. recent changes in billing regulations forced them to implement technologies they did not understand.
d. the use of computer technology is widespread and has greatly increased productivity.
Under what circumstances have clinicians been found to provide better prediction than actuarial data?
a. None; clinicians are, at best, as good as actuarial data.
b. When clinicians consider additional sources of data such as test batteries, interviews or test histories
c. When clinicians have more than five years of experience
d. When tests involve complex scoring algorithms
Which of the following is true about how tests are used?
a. In the end, it may be determined by law and the threat of litigation.
b. There is substantial evidence of the intentional misuse of tests.
c. The use of tests has declined sharply in the past 20 years.
d. It is very difficult to use tests appropriately.
Which of the following issues is classified by your text as a theoretical concern?
a. Whether the systematic sources of variance measured by the test arise from the person or the setting
b. Whether the test meets the ethical and legal standards for testing
c. Whether the results of the test will be used to unfairly label the test taker
d. Whether the test has adequate reliability, validity, and norms
Studies on actuarial vs. clinical prediction by Meehl, Sawyer, and Sines have indicated that a set of rules is
a. more accurate than inexperienced professional practitioners.
b. about as accurate as trained.
c. more accurate than trained professional practitioners only when they don't know the rules.
d. more accurate than the interpretations of trained professional practitioners even when they know the rules.
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