The textbook takes the position that observed differences between minority and non-minority groups might be attributed to
a. biased tests.
b. biased test administrators and academicians.
c. unequal access to adequate education and stimulating experiences.
d. inherent differences between the groups.
According to Heckman, which of the following is responsible for many major social problems?
a. poor literacy skills
b. prejudice
c. inherent differences
d. lack of health care
Sander's position that students who were accepted in law schools by affirmative action tend to perform worse than other students
a. is supported by other researchers.
b. is widely accepted by law schools.
c. was not well received by legal scholars.
d. has mixed by supports and rejections.
Studies that have examined the correlation between measures of medical school success and success as a physician in practice have shown
a. the correlation to be very high.
b. only a moderate correlation.
c. almost no correlation.
d. that successful students make successful doctors.
A way in which the differences between groups might stimulate new interpretations is
a. to view the differences as genetic variations.
b. to view them as social handicaps.
c. to examine patterns of problem-solving within a subculture.
d. allowing the differences to be used by employers when hiring.
Although the quota system may adequately represent minority groups, it
a. may underrepresent majority groups.
b. has to use the same selection procedures for all groups.
c. may result in greater failure rates among some groups.
d. may not represent the minorities of that particular community.
The phrase girls can't do math reflects which type of mindset?
a. fixed
b. biased
c. gendered
d. growth
Which model of test fairness selects more potentially successful people from the lower group?
a. Cole-Darlington
b. constant ratio
c. quota
d. regression
One problem with the standardized Medical College Admissions Test is that
a. it has not been validated against performance in medical school.
b. it has not been evaluated against performance on medical board examinations.
c. it has not been successfully evaluated against performance in actual medical practice.
d. it is extremely gender biased.
Which of the following approaches leads to the highest expected performance on the criterion?
a. regression
b. constant ratio
c. Cole/Darlington
d. quota
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