Internal work includes the expended energy when skeletal muscles are contracted to move external objects.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
(
Question 2) According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can be created and destroyed.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
(
Question 3) The development of fever
a. results from resetting of the medullary thermoregulatory center.
b. may develop when mast cells release pyrogens.
c. is mediated by prostaglandins.
d. both (a) and (b) above.
e. all of these answers.
(
Question 4) Aspirin reduces a fever by inhibiting synthesis of:
a. leptin
b. thyroid hormone
c. CRH
d. pyrogens
e. prostaglandins
(
Question 5) An endogenous pyrogen can be released by ____ in the body.
a. muscle cells.
b. pathogens.
c. platelets.
d. erythrocytes.
e. neutrophils.
(
Question 6) Which of the following does not characterize heat exhaustion?
a. reduced plasma volume.
b. extensive sweating.
c. rapidly rising body temperature.
d. fainting.
e. reduced blood pressure.
(
Question 7) In fever production,
a. endogenous pyrogen released from neurons of the cerebral cortex in response to an infection elevates the hypothalamic set point.
b. cold response mechanisms are initiated by the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature to the new set point.
c. heat loss mechanisms are triggered to eliminate the excess heat from the body.
d. both (a) and (b) above.
e. both (a) and (c) above.
(
Question 8) Which changes is not associated with cold exposure?
a. shivering
b. vasoconstriction
c. decreased sympathetic activity to the skin
d. hunching over, curling up
e. all of the above are related to cold exposure
(
Question 9) Which of the following statements about thermoregulation is correct?
a. in a cold environment, the body will lose heat by conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
b. in a hot environment when the temperature of the environment exceeds that of the skin surface, evaporation is the only means for the body to lose heat.
c. the temperature control centers in the hypothalamus receive afferent input from peripheral thermoreceptors in the skin and central thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus and internal organs.
d. both (b) and (c) above.
e. all of these answers.
(
Question 10) Upon cold exposure all of the following occur except
a. skin vasoconstriction.
b. decreased muscle tone.
c. nonshivering thermogenesis.
d. behavioral adaptations.
e. stimulation of thermoreceptors.
Quick Reply
