Rutherford's experiments involving the use of alpha particle beams directed onto thin metal foils demonstrated the existence of which of the following?
a. neutron
b. proton
c. nucleus
d. positron
[Ques. 2] The atomic number of a given element is equivalent to which of the following?
a. proton number in the nucleus
b. neutron number in the nucleus
c. sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus
d. number of electrons in the outer shells
[Ques. 3] The experiment, which gave the first evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus, involved which of the following?
a. x-ray scattering
b. radioactive dating
c. cosmic ray detection
d. alpha scattering
[Ques. 4] The nucleus of an atom is made up of which of the following?
a. electrons and protons
b. electrons and neutrons
c. protons, electrons and neutrons
d. protons and neutrons
[Ques. 5] What is the cosmological constant?
a. The universe has existed forever and on the average (over billions of cubic light years) does not change.
b. This is the ratio between dark energy and dark matter..
c. This is a quantity also referred to as quintessence..
d. This is a self-admitted blunder in his theory of general relativity by Einstein, that might not be a blunder after all.
[Ques. 6] What is the particle referred to as a WIMP?
a. the result of a neutrino oscillation
b. a hypothetical particle left over from the Big Bang
c. a hypothetical particle in the MOND theory
d. none of the above
[Ques. 7] The stars farther than 20 000 LY from the center of the Milky Way are traveling too fast to be bound to the galaxy by the observed mass of the galaxy. Which of the following are currently being investigated as possible explanations of this?
a. neutrino mass
b. WIMPs
c. Newtonian dynamics are not quite correct.
d. all of the above
[Ques. 8] The microwave background radiation
a. represents the leftover glow from the Big Bang.
b. was discovered by Penzias and Wilson.
c. had its slight non-uniformity measured by COBE.
d. All of the above.
[Ques. 9] The Big Bang occurred
a. about 15 to 20 billion years ago.
b. about 5 to 7 thousand years ago.
c. about 4 to 6 billion years ago.
d. infinitely far in the past.
[Ques. 10] The cosmic background radiation appears compatible with a blackbody source at what temperature?
a. 0.000 3 K
b. 0.03 K
c. 3 K
d. 300 K
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